The lyric is a genre of literary type that is characterized mainly for expressing the different feelings of the poet. This expression of emotions is captured through the poem. In it there are a series of very clear elements such as the verse, the stanza or the rhyme.
In the following article we are going to talk to you in a more detailed way of the types of verses and stanzas that exist within poetry.
Concept of verse and stanza
The verse is each of the lines that will form a poem. The stanza is the set of verses that make up the poem. Once both terms are clear, it is time to talk about the types of verses and stanzas that can compose a poem.
The types of verses according to their measure, rhyme or accent
The lines can be classified according to their measure, according to the presence of rhyme or not and according to the accent.
Types of verse according to your measure
Within this classification, the verses will be differentiated, according to the total number of syllables in a verse:
- minor art verses are those that have 8 syllables or less.
- major art verses are those with 9 or more syllables.
Another classification would be number of syllables with which such verses have been created:
- Disyllabic: 2 syllables
- trisyllable: 3 syllables
- Tetrasyllable: 4 syllables
- Pentasyllable: five syllables
- hexasyllable: 6 syllables
- Heptasyllable: 7 syllables
- Octosyllable: 8 syllables
- eneasyllable: 9 syllables
- Decasyllabic: 10 syllables
- hendecasyllable: 11 syllables
- Dodecasyllable: 12 syllables
- Tridecasyllable: 13 syllables
- Alexandrine: 14 syllables
- Pentadecasyllable: 15 syllables
Types of verses according to the presence of rhyme or not
In the event that the verses contain rhyme, They can be consonantal or vocalic. In the event that the verses do not have rhyme, they can be divided:
- loose verse It is one that does not have rhyme within a set of verses that do have rhyme.
- blank verse It is the one that does not have rhyme but does measure.
- Free verse It has neither rhyme nor measure.
Types of verses according to the accent
This classification refers to the position that the accent occupies within the verse. The accent is very important since depending on it, the poem will have one type of sound or a different one. According to the accent the verses can be divided into:
- oxytone verse It is the one that carries the accent on the last syllable. It is therefore an acute verse.
- Verso paroxytone It carries the accent on the penultimate syllable. It is a plain verse.
- proparoxytone verse It is a slurred verse and has the accent on the penultimate syllable.
Classes of stanzas according to the number of verses
- Semi-detached: composed of 2 verses of major or minor art and assonant or consonant rhyme. Its metric scheme is aa AA
- Third: It is made up of 3 verses of major art and a consonant rhyme. Its metric scheme is as follows: AA
- Quartet: This is the name given to the stanzas of four verses and is divided into several subtypes: redondilla, serventesio, quatrain and cuaderna via.
- Round: It is made up of 4 verses of minor art and consonant rhyme. The metric scheme is as follows: abba.
- Serventesian: It is about 4 verses of major art and consonant rhyme. Its meter rhyme is ABAB.
- Quatrain: There are 4 verses of minor art and consonant rhyme. Its meter rhyme is abab.
- Sash: It is made up of 4 Alexandrian verses (14 syllables) and a consonant rhyme. Its metrical rhyme would be AAAA.
- Quintet: 5 verses of major art and consonant rhyme. It does not allow more than 2 verses in a row with the same rhyme, no verse without rhyme and the last two cannot rhyme with each other. The metrical rhyme would be that of ABAAB.
- Limerick: There are 5 verses of minor art and consonant rhyme. It has a much more variable scheme than in the case of the quintet.
- Lira: It is a stanza of 5 verses that are distributed as follows: two verses are eleven syllables and three verses are seven syllables with consonant rhyme. As for the metrical rhyme, it is the following: aBabB.
- Broken foot: There are 6 verses of minor art with a consonant rhyme. The meter rhyme is abcabc.
- Royal Octave: There are 8 verses of major art and consonant rhyme. Its meter rhyme is ABABABCC.
- Pamphlet: It is a stanza of 8 verses of minor art and consonant rhyme. Its metric scheme is variable.
- Tenth: There are 10 verses of minor art and consonant rhyme. The metrical rhyme is from abbaaccddc
- Sonnet: There are 14 verses of major art, two quatrains and two triplets with consonant rhyme. Its meter rhyme is ABBA ABBA CDC DCD.
- Romance: It is a stanza of an indefinite number of verses, usually eight syllable verses with assonance rhyme, even verses and odd verses free.
- Silva: It is a stanza with an indefinite number of verses. They are eleven-syllable and seven-syllable verses with the rhyme that he wants and that the poet expresses.