There are several professional groups that work in the Public Administration in Spain. In Formación y Estudios We analyze what the different types of public employees are.
The management of human resources in the Administrations is very important, as we will see below.
Public Administration career officials
Many professionals, of all ages, decide to focus their future in this direction. And, for this, they begin to study the indicated agenda in order to approve an opposition. The number of places is limited and the competition is generally very high. When said professional achieves his ultimate goal, he becomes a career civil servant. And, for this reason, it has a link with the public administration, since it performs a task that is framed in this context.
The function performed by this profile looks to the long term, that is, it has a permanent value. It should be remembered that a career civil servant has obtained a fixed position after having achieved the requirements for it.
But there is the possibility that a person collaborates with different projects even if they have not reached the described goal. Often, before someone realizes that expectation of being a career civil servant, they need to appear in more than one occasion to an opposition.
There are different selection processes that can be carried out to choose career officials. The opposition is the most used formula. The objective of this evaluation is to select the candidates based on the score obtained in the tests. But this is not the only possible option, since there is also the competition-opposition formula. As its name suggests, it is a mixed format that combines two ingredients that complement each other.
Interim officials of the Public Administration
Acting officials also they are public employees who are called to work in jobs that, preferably, should be filled by those who have already achieved a fixed position.
However, there may be various circumstances in which it is not possible to fulfill this premise. For example, there may be places available that cannot be filled by career officials at that time. These professionals, who carry out this work temporarily, can also make some substitutions. Therefore, there are reasons of urgency and necessity why it may be essential for an interim professional to enter the position.
It should be clarified that although the professional situation of an intern is not permanent, the choice of profiles selected to fill a position does prioritize the principle of equality and merit (to objectively assess the competencies of each candidate).
The main information of any opposition is presented in the details of the call. The professional can find out, for example, the number of places, the requirements that the candidates must meet and what aspects of the curriculum suppose an objective merit in the test. Professionals must have the degree and age mentioned in the call. To consult the information on upcoming competitions, you can do so through the BOE. Take into account what documentation is required and, also, where it must be presented.
To be able to participate in an opposition, the candidate must formalize the instance that makes this process possible. You must complete this application within the time frame provided before the convening authority. The instance contains the personal data and the signature of the person who wants to make the opposition. This procedure is so relevant that, if it is not carried out in the indicated time, the person cannot be examined. The process of an opposition and the results of the opposition must be clearly communicated.
Many people prefer prepare for an upcoming opposition counting on the advice of a specialized academy. In that case, the academy is made up of a team prepared to accompany the students in the study plan.
Temporary staff of the Public Administration
Overcoming an opposition process is not an essential requirement in all cases to work in the Public Administration. Temporary personnel have been appointed to carry out specific functions. And he can also be dismissed in the same way after said appointment. The formula that favors this collaboration is the free appointment by a competent authority that has the responsibility of taking care of this management.
This collaboration has a temporary nature. This is a position of trust. It should be pointed out that there is no link between this type of position and the positions reserved for an opposition process. In the same way, the occupation of a position of these characteristics does not appear as a merit for, after this moment, to become a civil servant in the future.
Labor staff of the Public Administration
The labor personnel also work for the Public Administration and this is accredited by the contract that regulates this collaboration indefinitely or temporarily. Those who are part of this group hold positions of a non-permanent nature. Labor Law regulates this collaboration. This is one of the differences that we can observe between this type of employee and public officials who have their own regulation. A regulation that is different from that of common Labor Law and that is governed by Administrative Law.
What is the selection process that professionals who want to work in this group must pass? The competition-opposition is one of the most used methods. The workforce can carry out this work permanently, temporarily or for an indefinite period.
Statutory staff of the Public Administration
This professional group develops its work in the field of health. These specialized profiles occupy positions in health centers. This profile can develop their work in a permanent position or, conversely, do it temporarily. This type of staff has its own legislation.
Therefore, there are different types of personnel related to the Public Administration. But, in turn, It should be clarified that there are three types of Administrations in Spain: State, Autonomous and Local. The oppositions are summoned, consequently, by diverse organisms. The stability provided by the fixed position achieved in an opposition is highly valued by those who want to achieve that goal.
As a result, many intern professionals continue to persevere to achieve that ultimate long-term goal. But, as we have mentioned, there are different types of employees, in addition to career officials.