Indlela yokwenza ulwandlalo

Zininzi iindlela zokufunda esinokuzisebenzisa. Kubalulekile ukuba umfundi abandakanyeke kuphuhliso lwentetho elungileyo. Ngaphandle koko, umfundi ongakhuthazwayo akalisebenzisi ixesha ngexesha lokuphunyezwa kweskimu.

Kufuneka uyazi yintoni isikimu nendlela yokwenza ngayo ukusebenzisa obu buchule kufundo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba ufumane indawo efanelekileyo yokuba noxinzelelo oluhle kwaye bakwazi ukubhatala yonke ingqwalaselo eyimfuneko kwisifundo.

Uyenza njani ulwandlalo?

Ukufunda

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba namanqaku okugqibela okusinceda siqwalasele iintsuku ezingaphambi koviwo. Esi sixhobo sokuhlaziya sihlala sibalulekile, kodwa ngakumbi xa umxholo ubanzi. Ngale ndlela, sinokukhumbula oko kubalulekile.

I-Schemas, ezixhasa izishwankathelo zemveli, zisinceda sikhumbule ulwazi. Umfundi uzisebenzisa ukuphonononga ngaphambi komhla woviwo oluzayo. Esi sixhobo sisebenza ngokusebenzayo.

Unako indlela yokwenza ulwandlalo? Ezi zezinye zeempawu ezibonisa ukuba ungayisebenzisa:

• Njengoko besesiphawulile ngaphambili, kuya kufuneka uwafunde amanqaku amaxesha amaninzi kwaye ukrwelele umgca kuwo. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba uthathe amanqaku kumda.
• Khetha isihloko kulwandlalo oluchaza umxholo wakho ophambili.
• Chonga awona macandelo abalulekileyo esihloko ukuphuhlisa ulwazi ngolandelelwano olucacileyo.
• Shwankathela kwaye wenze umxholo wecandelo ngalinye. Ukuba ufuna njalo, sebenzisa ezinye izifinyezo ukwenza elona thuba libalaseleyo kwiphepha.
• Qhagamshela iikhonsepthi ezahlukeneyo ukwenza umsonto oqhelekileyo phakathi kweembono eziphambili kunye nedatha yesibini.
• Ukuba unqwenela, ungasebenzisa imibala emininzi ukwahlula imixholo. Ngale ndlela, lo mahluko unceda ekuchongeni umxholo othile.

Emva kokugqiba le nkqubo, jonga kwakhona ulwandlalo ukuze wenze naziphi na izilungiso. Sebenzisa esi sixhobo sokufunda ukwenza impinda. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ixesha lokufunda libe semgangathweni. Kwaye iidayagramu zikunceda wenze eyona mizuzu uyityale kwiinjongo zemfundo nokuba ngcono.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Awona maqhinga afanelekileyo okufundisisa

KwiLizwi okanye kwikhompyuter yakho

Ungasebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukwenza ulwandlalo olulungileyo. Ukusebenzisa ipensile nephepha kukuvumela ukuba wenze naphi na. Kodwa unokukhetha ukuphuhlisa umxholo kwikhompyuter. Kwimeko apho, ungasebenzisa iLizwi. Ungaqala njani lo msebenzi? Cofa ngokuthe ngqo kwimenyu yokujonga, kwaye ubone ukhetho oludibeneyo. Kweli candelo uza kufumana icandelo loXNUMXbutho. Ngokucofa kuyo, uya kuba nakho ukubona okubhaliweyo kolu xwebhu kolu lwakhiwo.

Ifomathi ebonakalayo yomzobo ophuhliswe ngale ndlela awenziwanga ngokulandelelana kwezitshixo okanye iintolo. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwezimvo eziphambili nezesekondari buqondwa kwangoko ngumbutho kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Xa ucofe icandelo lokujonga kunye neCandelo loLwandiso kwiLizwi, ibar yesixhobo inika uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo zokubumba umthambo. Yakha umxholo ujikeleze amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ezihloko.

Isikimu esilungileyo sime ngaphandle kombutho waso ogqibeleleyo. Inika ngendlela eyenziweyo amanqaku aphambili ajulisa umxholo ophambili. Sivakalisile ukuba uyilo olwenziwe eLizwini lubonisa isicatshulwa esilungelelaniswe ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo ikwenza ukuba kube nakho ukudibanisa iisimboli ezithile ezisuka kumzobo wephepha ubhale. Yayo, Yenza uxwebhu olutsha, cofa kwimenyu yokufaka kwaye ujonge iindlela ezikhoyo kwicandelo leeMilo.

Ngokucofa kule ndawo ungabona iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoyilo lweebhloko, iitshathi zokuhamba, imigca kunye nezinye iimilo ezisisiseko. Ngale ndlela, ungenza ngokusesikweni isikimu ngeempawu ezahlukileyo ezikunceda ulungelelanise ulwazi. Ungathini ukuba ubungakanani beqhosha okanye olunye uphawu olukhethileyo luthatha indawo eninzi kuxwebhu? Unokuluhlengahlengisa olu jongo ukuze ulinike imilo echanekileyo.

Uyenza njani intle okanye ulwandlalo loyilo

En Formación y Estudios Sikunika izindululo kunye neengcebiso ukuphumeza injongo:

• Okokuqala, beka phambili kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo: umxholo. I-aesthetics ye-schema iphucula kakhulu xa ulwazi luququzelelwe ngokugqibeleleyo. Oko kukuthi, sisiphumo esithe ngqo kulungiselelo lwangaphambili olugqwesileyo. Kuba, kwimeko enjalo, kukho iodolo ebonakalayo edibanisa amanqaku aphambili. Ukuphucula ubuchule ngexesha lokuzilolonga, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise uyilo oluthile ngaphambi kokuchaza iinkcukacha zesishwankathelo sokugqibela. Ngale ndlela, unethuba lokwenza izilungiso, ukuvavanya ezinye iindlela, ukuthelekisa uyilo olwahlukileyo, ukuchonga ezinye izinto eziphuculweyo kunye nokucokisa uxwebhu ngokujonga iinkcukacha. Amava asebenzisekayo ayimfuneko ekuyileni izikim zentsusa nezintle.
• Zoba imifanekiso ecaleni kwamagama abalulekileyo ahamba nomxholo kunye nomfanekiso obonwayo. Rhoqo injongo ephambili yokugqibezela ulwandlalo kukusisebenzisa njengesixhobo sokufunda ukuphonononga umxholo woviwo. Umdibaniso obalaseleyo wesicatshulwa kunye nomfanekiso ugqibelele ekuphuculeni inkumbulo ebonakalayo kunye nokuqonda kolwazi. Ayisiyonto yokwenza imizobo emininzi ehambelana neskimu, kodwa malunga nokusebenzisa obu buchule ngendlela enenjongo yokugxininisa ezo zinto zibonisa inqanaba eliphezulu lobunzima. Yintoni injongo yomzobo? Cacisa ulwazi.
• Ukukhetha uhlobo lohlobo lwenye into ekufuneka uyichazile ekufezekisweni kwesikimu sekhompyuter. Ifonti ekhethiweyo kufuneka iwenze mhle umbhalo ngokubonakalayo kodwa, nangona i-aesthetics ifanelekile, uhlobo lochwethezo ayisiyiyo eyona nto iphambili kulwandlalo. Yintoni ebaluleke ngokwenene ngumxholo kunye noko ukuthethayo. Kufuneka igcinwe engqondweni ukuze uyilo luhambelane ngokugqibeleleyo kunye nenjongo ephambili: ukuququzelela ukuqonda nokuqonda isifundo esihlalutyiweyo. Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa iifonti ezahlukeneyo kulwandlalo kunokudala isiphithiphithi nengxolo ebonakalayo.
• Sebenzisa imibala emininzi ukwenza isikimu esihle. Khangela imvisiswano phakathi kweetoni ezikhethiweyo. Kwaye, emva koko, khetha i-shades ezimele ngqo ngasemva. Ukuba akukho mahluko ucacileyo phakathi kwethoni ngokwayo kunye nemvelaphi apho yenziwe ngayo, kukho ubunzima obukhulu ekufundeni.
• Ubuzala. Isishwankathelo esihle silawula ngobuchule ukuhlanganisa umxholo wombhalo opheleleyo kwisithuba esincinci. Ukwenza oku, kufanelekile ukuba uchonge ukuba ngawaphi amagama aphindaphindwayo kwisicatshulwa kwaye uwahlanganise kubuchule bokufunda. Phinda ufunde ulwazi olupheleleyo kwaye ususe la magama okanye amabinzana angenzeli ixabiso lokwenyani. Thatha yonke into eseleyo. I-aesthetics yolwandlalo iyaphucuka xa kukho ukucaca okukhulu.
• Yenza ngokwezifiso ifomathi yolwandlalo ngokwembono yakho. Xa usenza amanqaku akho, wenza isishwankathelo okanye wenza ulwandlalo, uyangena kwisifundo. Ngesi sizathu, kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba, nangona ungawujonga umxholo wesikimu somnye umntu osebenza naye, uzibandakanye nokwandiswa kwengcaciso yakho. Yenza ngokwezifiso iskimu ngefonti, ifomathi, imibala okanye imiqondiso oyithandayo. Sebenzisa ezo zinto zikuncedayo wandise ukuqonda kwakho kokufundiweyo ngenxa yomboniso ononophelo.
• Khangela inkuthazo kwezinye izikimu onokuba ngumzekelo.

Ngamafutshane, ifuna ibhalansi phakathi kwefom kunye nomxholo ukwenza iskimu ngononophelo lobuhle.

Yintoni ischema

Inkqubo sisixhobo esidibanisa iikhonsepthi ezahlukeneyo ezinxulunyaniswe kumsonto oqhelekileyo. Inika imbonakalo ebonakalayo yesifundo, esakhiwe ngale ndlela, silungelelaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo. I-synthesis sisitshixo sale ndlela yokufunda kangaka esetyenziswa kakhulu esikolweni, kwiziko, eyunivesithi nasekulungiseleleni iimviwo zikawonkewonke. Ukusukela, le yenye yeendawo zesicelo esi sinalo.

Inkqubo inokusebenza njengesikhokelo ukulandela inyathelo lesicwangciso somsebenzi. Umzekelo, usomashishini angasebenzisa ireferensi ebekwe ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo yokwenza isicwangciso seshishini.

Xa umfundi esebenzisa i-schema kwinqanaba lemfundo, banxibelelanisa esi sixhobo kunye nomxholo ekubhekiswa kuwo lo mmeli. Ke, xa usungula eli khonkco, kunokwenzeka ukudibanisa ezona zimvo ziphambili kolu hlalutyo. Ukwenza ulwandlalo olulungileyo, ngaphambili, bekuyimfuneko ukuba ufunde ngononophelo umxholo ukuze ushwankathelwe ukuze uwuhlalutye, ukrwelele umgca ngaphantsi kwaye ube nesishwankathelo saso.

Iindidi zoXNUMXbutho

Khetha uhlobo lolwandlalo olunokukunceda uphonononge ngcono. Oko kukuthi, kuzo zonke iifomati ezikhoyo, unokukhetha ukhetho lwazo.

Iintolo

Eli likhonkco elikhethwe bonisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwamanqaku ezi yinxalenye yale nkcazo ichazwe ngokwesikimu. Kule meko, umbono omnye uqhagamshela kwenye ngotolo olusebenza njengekhonkco. Enye yeenzuzo zale fomathi kukuba ilula kakhulu kwaye, kwangaxeshanye, icacisa ngokugqibeleleyo ulwazi.

Iithisisi eziphambili ziyaqiniswa ngengxoxo yeembono zesibini. Ukusetyenziswa kweentolo kukuvumela ukuba uphuhlise umbono wokuqala nedatha entsha edityaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo. Ngexesha lokuphononongwa, unokujonga ngokulula indawo apho umbono ngamnye uhlala kumzobo kwaye luqhagamshelo luni nomxholo. Kuya kufuneka ulandele ulwalathiso lweentolo ukuze uphendule nayiphi na imibuzo malunga nayo.

Yezitshixo

Ngaba ukhetha ukusebenzisa enye ifomathi kukhetho lokuqala oluchazwe apha ngasentla? Eyona nto ibalulekileyo, icebo eliphambili lifana kakhulu nelangaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, usebenzisa isibonelelo esahlukileyo ukubonisa unxibelelwano phakathi kweembono ezahlukeneyo. Kule meko, ii-brace ziyinxalenye yalo mboniso ubonakalayo. Nangona olu hlobo lwesishwankathelo lolona lucacileyo, kusenokungabi njalo ukuba umxholo oza kushwankathelwa ubanzi kakhulu. Umelo ufumana ubunzima ngakumbi xa unika inani eliphezulu lamacandelo ahlukeneyo.

Inkqubo ethe tyaba okanye ethe nkqo

Kwidayagramu ungabona ulwahlulo olwahlukileyo kolu luvo lokuqala. Kodwa uhlobo lokumelwa luyakwazi ukwahlulwa ngendlela idatha eyakhiwe ngayo. Ukubhala izimvo ngokuthe nkqo okanye ngokuthe tye zezona zikhetho zisetyenziswayo. Oku ke kunefuthe kumava okufunda. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lweskim, ukufundwa kwenziwa ukusuka phezulu kwiphepha ezantsi okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene.

Inkqubo yekholamu

Isishwankathelo sisixhobo sokufunda, ke ngoko, esi sisixhobo esinenjongo ebonakalayo. Kukulungele ukukhetha ifomathi elula ukugxila kwinto ebalulekileyo: ukuqonda isifundo. Ewe, olu hlobo lwesikimu lelona liqela idatha ejikeleze iikholamu ezahlukileyo ngokugqibeleleyo. Ngamnye kubo uqokelela izimvo ezijikeleze umsonto oqhelekileyo. Kodwa, kwelinye icala, nganye yeekholamu inxulumene nezinye.

Inkqubo yoonobumba

Olu hlobo lweskimu, endaweni yokusebenzisa izitshixo okanye iintolo ukudibanisa izimvo ezahlukeneyo, usebenzisa oonobumba. Oonobumba abakhulu basetyenziselwa ukuqaqambisa iingcinga eziphambili. Kwelinye icala, amagama amancinci azisa idatha yesibini.

Inkqubo yamanani

Zonke izikimu ezichazwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku zinempawu zazo, kodwa ziyafana ngokufanayo. Injongo yalo mmeli kukuveza ngokucacileyo ulwazi. Ewe, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucwangcisa loo datha: iinombolo zikuvumela ukuba uqokelele amagama ahlukeneyo, ukuseka ukwahlula kunye nokuma umxholo ngamnye. Olu hlobo lokuqhelanisa lulula kakhulu.

Idityanisiwe: iileta kunye neenombolo

Olu luhlobo lweskimu olungasebenzisi uhlobo olunye lwesithako, kodwa isiphumo soku kuchazwe ngasentla: amanani kunye noonobumba bealfabhethi. Nangona ungathatha inkuthazo kwimizekelo echazwe ngaphambili ukuphuhlisa ulwandlalo olufanelekileyo kwifomathi esebenzisa uhlobo olunye lophawu, ikwa ungawutyebisa ngokubonakalayo lo msebenzi ngesixa sezithako ezibini njengale, kuba oonobumba kunye namanani ayaphelelisana.

Izimvo ezikhoyo kulwandlalo zinokuboniswa ngokulandelelana kwazo. Kodwa kukwakho nezikimu ezibonisa inqanaba lolawulo phakathi kweekhonsepthi. Ngale ndlela, isiqwenga solwazi sisebenza ngakumbi kunesinye. Kwaye oku kubonakala kwindlela yokulungiselela ulwazi.

Kanye njengokuba kulungile ukuba ufunde kwaye uphonononge isihloko soviwo oluzayo kumanqaku akho, kukwacetyiswa ukuba uzenzele eyakho imizobo. Yayo, khetha ifomathi eluncedo kwaye icace kuwe.

Kutheni iskimu

Abanye abantu bakufumanisa kuyindinisa ukwenza lo msebenzi, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungatsiba eli nyathelo. Iskimu sikunceda uququzelele ulwazi kwaye ulubeke ngokulandelelana. Ukongeza, olu lwakhiwo lu-odola luququzelela ukuqonda komxholo ohlalutyiweyo. Yonke idatha, edityaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo, iyavakala kwimeko yeschema elungileyo.

Esi sixhobo siyanceda funda ngendlela enocwangco. Kwaye ngokulandela inyathelo ngalinye, uya kufunda iikhonsepthi kuqala.

Umyalelo wokufunda ukwenza imizobo

Ukuqhuba isifundo esifanelekileyo kuyakufuneka uyazi iodolo apho iskim siza kuba kwindawo yesihlanu. Nje ukuba ulwandlalo lufikelelwe, umxholo wesifundo kuya kufuneka uqondwe kakuhle. Ngale ndlela, ulwandlalo olulungileyo lunokwenziwa olunokuthi lubonelele ngezona zimvo ziphambili ekufuneka zigqatsisiwe kwaye oko kuyalelwa kakuhle ukuba uzikhumbule ngcono iikhonsepthi.

Umyalelo wesifundo sokwenza imizobo uya kuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ukufunda ngokukhawuleza. Kuqala, yenza umbono okhawulezileyo wesicatshulwa esifundwayo ukufumanisa ukuba sithini esona sihloko siphambili. Ngale ndlela, ufumana unxibelelwano lokuqala kunye nento yokufunda.
2. Yahlula umxholo kumacandelo ukugxila kumacandelo enza isihloko.
3. Ukufunda kunye nokuqonda isicatshulwa. Kweli nqanaba, funda isicatshulwa ngononophelo ukuze uqonde umyalezo. Bhala phantsi ezo ngcamango zinzima ngakumbi ukuba ujonge intsingiselo yazo kwisichazi-magama. Ngale ndlela, uyiqonda ngokucacileyo yonke into ebhaliweyo.
4. Krwela umgca phantsi kwezona ngcamango ziphambili. Ukukrwelela kubalulekile ngaphambi kokwenza ulwandlalo. Ukukrwela umgca kunceda ukhethe iimbono eziphambili kwaye ukwazi ukulahla ezo zingadibaniyo nathi. Enkosi ngokukrwela umgca, ungawuhlela ngcono umxholo ekufuneka uwufundile.
5. Inkqubo. Iskimu sibalulekile ukuze sikwazi ukwenza isifundo esiphumeleleyo. Okweli nqanaba, cwangcisa iingcinga eziphambili ozikrwelele kwisicatshulwa. Ngale ndlela, unokubanika iodolo yokujonga nokuqonda umxholo.
6. Isishwankathelo sigqibezela ulwazi kwisicatshulwa. Yongeza ukudibanisa kunye nokucaca. Sebenzisa esi sixhobo ukuphonononga kwezona ngcamango zinzima.
7. Uphengululo. Sebenzisa oovimba ukuze uphonononge umxholo woviwo oluzayo.

Ngale ndlela, ngexesha lenkqubo yokufunda, uya kuba nakho ukujonga ukuba yeyiphi imiba ekufuneka uyiqinisile ngakumbi.

Umgangatho vs ubungakanani besifundo

Abantu abafunda kulo naliphi na ibakala lezifundo kufuneka babeke phambili umgangatho kwinqanaba lokufunda. Ngokufanelekileyo, kungcono ufunde ixesha elincinci ukuba phambi kwencwadi iiyure, kodwa ngaphandle kokuthatha eli thuba lethutyana. Ulawulo lwexesha kufuneka luphuculwe ukufezekisa iinjongo ezinqwenelekayo.

Ngoko ke, Inkuthazo ibalulekile ukufunda nokwenza iidayagramu. Gxila kwinjongo yakho ephambili yokuza nolwandiso olucacileyo nolucwangcisiweyo.