Ukungaboni kakuhle kubakho kakhulu kuluntu lwethu kuba ubuncinci i-15% labemi banengxaki yokukhubazeka okuthile ngokwe-World Health Organisation (i-WHO), oku kumele abantu abamalunga nesigidi esinye kwihlabathi liphela. Baninzi abantu abakhubazekileyo abanokuthintelwa kubomi bobuqu, emsebenzini, kwezentlalo nakwezobomi bokufunda.
Kodwa enkosi kwinkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kunye ukuqhubela phambili kwengqondo yentlalo, Kubonakala ngathi abantu abakhubazekileyo (kule meko, ukungaboni kakuhle), banokuziva bengaxabisekanga kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla ngenxa yokubandezeleka kuhlobo oluthile lokukhubazeka. Itekhnoloji ivumela abantu abaninzi ukuba baphucule ukudityaniswa kwabo ekuhlaleni nakwitekhnoloji entsha phantsi kweemeko ezilinganayo.
Kubonakala ngathi umntu onokungaboni kakuhle akanakho, umzekelo, ukubhala kwikhompyuter kuba kufuneka ukubonwa okuhle, kodwa enkosi kubuchwephesha obutsha oku kunokwenzeka. Okulandelayo ndiza kuthetha nawe ngezinye zezixhobo zeteknoloji abantu abakhubazekileyo ngokubonakalayo abanazo ukuba bazisebenzise njengezixhobo.
Iinkqubo ezizezinye kunye nezongezayo
Ezi zizixhobo zokunceda abantu abakhubazeke ngokubonakalayo (kodwa bakwakhona nabantu abaneziphene zokuva) kuba into ephunyeziweyo kukwandisa okanye ukutshintsha umqondiso okhutshiweyo ukuze abantu abanoluhlobo oluthile lokukhubazeka bafumane indlela engcono yokuqonda kwakho .
Ezi nkqubo ziguqukayo okanye zongezelelayo zezabantu abanengxaki yokuva okanye ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo kodwa abagcina inxenye yezakhono zabo zovakalelo, kwimeko yokungaboni ngokupheleleyo okanye ukungeva ngokupheleleyo ezi nkqubo azinakusetyenziswa.
Injongo yezi nkqubo kukuba isignali ifikelela emntwini ngaphandle kwengxaki ngendlela yemvakalelo kwaye ke ngoko inokuba yinto esebenzayo kulowo uyifumanayo. Eminye imizekelo inokuba yile ubuchwephesha bokwazisa intetho, intetho-yokubhala kunye nokuguqulwa kokubhaliweyo kwentetho, iinkqubo zokunxibelelana zemultimedia ukusebenzisana nomxholo, iibhodi zonxibelelwano, iinkqubo ezithile zekhompyuter, njl
Izixhobo ezithile zabangaboni kakuhle
Ezi zixhobo ndiza kuthetha nawe ngokulandelayo zenzelwe ngokukodwa abafundi abakhubazekileyo ngokubonakalayo ngaphakathi kwemfundo. Ngale ndlela, ukufikelela kumxholo weklasi kunye nolwazi kungaphuculwa, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukufunda okufanelekileyo. Kwaye kule mihla ukufikelela kulwazi kuyafuneka kwaye kungoko ezi zixhobo ezithile ziyilelwe ngokweemfuno zokukhubazeka ngakunye ziyimfuneko. Kule meko, ndiza kugxininisa iintlobo ezintathu zezixhobo zokuphucula ukufikeleleka.
Izikhulisi zesikrini
Izikhulisi zescreen ziinkqubo zekhompyuter zokuguqula iimpawu zescreen ngokwahluka, umbala, ubungakanani kunye nemilo. Ngale ndlela, iya kuvumela umfundi ongaboni kakuhle ukuba akhangele kwi-Intanethi okanye angene kwikhompyuter kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabo ezibonakalayo.
Ezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza sele ziza neli nqaku lifakelwe abantu abalifunayo. Esi sixhobo sigqwesile ngakumbi kubafundi abanengxaki yokubonakala. Le ndlela yokusebenza Ingasetyenziswa kuba abantwana bangaphezulu kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala.
Umgca weBraille
Umgca weBraille sisixhobo esivumela unxibelelwano phakathi kwekhompyuter kunye nomfundi ngokukhuphela kweBraille imibhalo ebonakala kwiscreen ukuba nje inefomathi efikelelekayo.
Ababuyekezi besikrini
Ziinkqubo zabantu abakhubazekileyo ngokubonakalayo abaqokelela ulwazi kwiscreen kwaye baluthumele ngokudibanisa intetho, kumgca we-braille okanye kuzo zombini iifom ngaxeshanye. Isetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa kwamaqhosha ukuze isebenze ikhompyuter kunye nomvavanyi wescreen.
Oyena mvavanyi wesikrini waziwayo kwinkqubo yokuchasana IWindows yiJAWS nakwi-LINUX ungasebenzisa i-Gnocopernicus kunye ne-ORCA.
Okwangoku, ukufikelela kulwazi kunye neetekhnoloji ezintsha kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye ukungaboni kakuhle akufuneki kube ngumqobo ebantwini ekufikeleleni kulwazi ngandlela thile. Ngaba uyazi ezinye iindlela, izixhobo okanye izixhobo zetekhnoloji yabantu abakhubazekileyo ngokubonakalayo?