Ukuhumusha nokuhumusha yimikhakha emibili ehlobene kodwa enezici zayo ngaphakathi kwezwe elibanzi lezilimi. Zombili zizodlala indima ebalulekile uma kuziwa ekuxhumaneni komhlaba wonke, ukugqugquzela ukuqonda phakathi kwabantu abakhuluma izilimi ezahlukene noma izilimi.
Kodwa-ke, amathuba emisebenzi kuyo yomibili le mikhakha azohluka ngokuya ngezinto ezahlukahlukene, njengoba kunjalo ngesidingo semakethe, amakhono akhethekile kanye nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe.
Kungani utadisha ukuhumusha nokutolika
Ukuhumusha nokuhumusha kuyimikhakha ethokozisayo ezodlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaneni komhlaba wonke. Ukufunda lezi zifundo ngeke kusho ukufunda izilimi zakwamanye amazwe kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuthuthukisa amakhono ehlukene olimi, amasiko kanye nokuhlaziya.
Ezweni eliya ngokuya lixhumene, ikhono lokuxhumana libalulekile futhi liyisisekelo. Abahumushi nabahumushi bazosebenza njengamabhuloho ezilimi, benze kube lula ukuqonda phakathi kwabantu abazokhuluma izilimi ezahlukene. Ngokufunda ukuhumusha nokuhumusha, uthola amakhono adingekayo ukuze ukwazi ukudiliza lezi zithiyo zolimi kanye ukuthuthukisa ukuxhumana ezingeni lomhlaba jikelele.
Esinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani kubalulekile ukufunda ukuhumusha nokutolika kungenxa yenani eliphezulu lamathuba ochwepheshe anikezwa yizifundo zombili. Abahumushi nabahumushi bavame ukusebenza emikhakheni ehlukahlukene njengabezindaba noma emabhizinisini ahlukene. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwezinketho zemisebenzi kusho ukuthi ochwepheshe bokuhumusha nokutolika banokuguquguquka okukhulu uma kuziwa ekuhloleni imikhakha eyahlukene nokuthola indawo evumelana kangcono nezintshisakalo zabo.
Ungayifunda kuphi idigri yokuhumusha nokutolika eSpain
Okwamanje zikhona inani elikhulu lamanyuvesi lapho uzofunda khona izinga lokuhumusha nokuhumusha:
IYunivesithi yaseComplutense yaseMadrid Yaziwa kakhulu futhi idume kakhulu yize ungaphinda ufunde le degree e-Autonomous University of Madrid. Ngaphandle kwaseMadrid, ungafunda ukuhumusha nokutolika eNyuvesi yaseBarcelona naseGranada.
I-Andalusia ingemva kweMadrid, i-Autonomous Community enezifundo eziningi zale degree. Banikeza ukuhumusha nokuhumusha eCórdoba, eGranada, eMálaga naseSeville.
I-Aragon, Galicia, Castilla y León, Canary Islands, Valencian Community, Basque Country and Murcia eminye imiphakathi lapho ungafunda khona izinga lokuhumusha nokuhumusha.
Amagatsha okukhethekile
Ukuhumusha okusemthethweni
Abafundi bafunda ukuhumusha zonke izinhlobo zemibhalo yezomthetho nezomthetho, njenge izinkontileka, izinqumo zenkantolo, amatayitela, izivumelwano zezentengiselwano kanye nemibhalo yokuphatha. Kudingeka ulwazi oluhle lohlelo lwezomthetho kanye namagama athile ezilimini ezisebenzayo.
Ukuhumusha kwesikhungo
Kulokhu, abafundi bazofunda ukuhumusha imibhalo eyenziwa emkhakheni womphakathi, ikakhulukazi ezinhlakeni ezahlukene zokuphatha.
Ukuhumusha kwemibhalo
Leli gatsha lizogxila ekuhumushweni kwemibhalo eyahlukene, njengamanoveli, izinkondlo, izindaba, ama-eseyi nemidlalo. Abafundi bafunda ukuthwebula isitayela, izwi, namanuances amasiko ombhali wokuqala, bagcine ingqikithi yombhalo ohunyushiwe.
Ukuhumusha ngokwezimali
Lobu buchwepheshe bugxile ekuhunyushweni kwamadokhumenti ahlobene nebhizinisi, ezomnotho kanye nezezimali, njengemibiko yezezimali, amaphepha ebhalansi, imibiko yonyaka, imibhalo yasebhange neyezentengiselwano. Abafundi bathuthukisa amakhono ahlobene kumatemu ezomnotho nezezimali ngezilimi ezahlukene.
Ukuhumusha kwesayensi nezobuchwepheshe
Leli gatsha ligxile ekuhumusheni yemibhalo yezobuchwepheshe neyesayensi, njengamamanyuwali abasebenzisi, imininingwane yobuchwepheshe, imibiko yocwaningo, amalungelo obunikazi kanye nemibhalo yezokwelapha. Abafundi bathola ulwazi olukhethekile emikhakheni efana nobunjiniyela, isayensi yamakhompiyutha, umuthi, i-biotechnology nesayensi.
ukuhumusha okulalelwayo nokubonwayo
Kuleli gatsha, abafundi bagxila ekuhunyushweni kokuqukethwe okulalelwayo nokubonwayo okuhlukene, njengamafilimu, uchungechunge lwethelevishini, amadokhumentari, amavidiyo okufundisa nawokukhangisa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhumusha yezingxoxo, imibhalo engezansi kanye nokukopisha.
Amathuba emisebenzi kulabo abafunde ukuhumusha nokutolika
Umsizi wengxoxo
Elinye lamathuba emisebenzi labafundi abathola iziqu zokuhumusha nokuhumusha yilelo lomsizi wengxoxo. Umsizi wengxoxo ungumhlanganyeli obalulekile ekilasini lolimi, njengoba ukuba khona nosizo lwabo kuzoba neqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhono abafundi olimi nezokuxhumana. Ngakho-ke abasizi bezingxoxo basebenzisana nothisha bolimi ezikoleni zamabanga aphansi, ezikoleni zamabanga aphezulu noma ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme.
Umhumushi ofungisiwe
Elinye ithuba lomsebenzi Ngeyomhumushi ofungisiwe. Kulokhu, umuntu ugunyaziwe ukwenza ukuhumusha okusemthethweni nokufungayo kwamadokhumenti adinga ukuba semthethweni okusemthethweni ezweni elithile. Lolu hlobo lokuhumusha luyadingeka kumadokhumenti asemthethweni ahlukene afana nokuzalwa, umshado, izitifiketi zokufa noma amandla ommeli.
Isihloli solimi nesihloli sokulungisa amaphutha
Umhloli wolimi nokuhlola amaphutha uzinikezele ekuhloleni nasekulungiseni imibhalo ebhaliwe ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ivumelana nezindinganiso ezimisiwe. ngohlelo lolimi nesipelingi. Umsebenzi wakho ubandakanya ukubuyekeza ukwakheka kwemisho, ukuhambisana kombhalo, ukukhetha amagama, nokugeleza kokuqukethwe kukonke.
USolwazi
Amanyuvesi, izikole zezilimi nezikhungo zokuqeqesha zinikeza amathuba emisebenzi kochwepheshe ekuhumusheni nasekutolikeni. Laba ochwepheshe bangakwazi ukuzilolonga njengabafundisi bolimi futhi njengabaxhumanisi bezinhlelo zokushintshisana zamazwe ngamazwe.
Umxhumanisi wolimi
Uchwepheshe wezilimi uzohlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuhumusha ezibhaliwe nezitolika ngomlomo ngezilimi ezahlukene, ezisizayoUkuxhumana phakathi kwabantu abakhuluma izilimi ezahlukene ezimeni ezahlukene, njengemihlangano yebhizinisi noma imicimbi yamasiko amaningi.
Utolika
Elinye lamathuba emisebenzi avame kakhulu phakathi kwalaba ochwepheshe bokuhumusha nokutolika Ngeyomhumushi. Umsebenzi wotolika awukho omunye ngaphandle kokwenza kube lula ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu abakhuluma izilimi ezahlukene.