Kungenzeka wake wezwa ngePervasive Developmental Disorder (TGD) kepha akucaci kuwe ukuthi iyini nokuthi izithinta kanjani izingane nabantu abangahlushwa yiyo. Lesi sifo sifaka ukubambezeleka lapho ingane ikhula khona, kungahle kube nezinkinga zokuzijabulisa, ukuxhumana, kungahle kungathandi ushintsho emisebenzini futhi kungahle kube nokwethula ukunyakaza okuphindaphindwayo.
I-Autism iyi-PDD eyaziwa kakhulu namuhla kepha akuyona kuphela ekhona ngaphakathi kwalesi sifo. Ngaphakathi kwe-PDD singathola futhi abanye abanjengo-Asperger's Syndrome noma iRett's Syndrome, phakathi kwabanye. Zonke izinguquko ekukhuleni kwengane zizoba nokukhonjiswa okuthile Kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa ukuze wazi ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo noma isifo umuntu abhekene naso abhekene nalo.
Njengamanje iPDD iyasetshenziswa futhi lapho kukhulunywa nge-autism spectrum disorder. Ushintsho lwegama lwafika ngo-2013, lapho i-American Psychiatric Association ifaka kabusha i-Autistic Disorder, i-Asperger's Syndrome, i-Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, ne-Pervasive Developmental Disorder Engachazwanga njenge-Autism Spectrum Disorders. Ushintsho lwenzeka ngoba umqondo we-spectrum uyindlela enembile ngokwengeziwe yokuthola izingane ezinalezi zinhlobo zezifo.
Izimpawu zesici se-TGD
Izingane ezinesimo se-autism zinezinkinga ngokuxhumana nomphakathi nokuxhumana, zivame ukuphinda ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha, kepha zivame ukuba nezimpawu ezithile okufanele zicatshangelwe:
- Ukuxhumana okuncane noma cha
- Kunzima ukuziveza ngolimi
- Izwi eliphakeme noma eliphansi kakhulu
- Kunzima ukuba nengxoxo
- Ukulawulwa okuncane kwemizwelo
- Ukuziphatha okuphindaphindwayo
- Ingaphezulu kwamandla aphakathi kwengqondo noma enezinkinga zokuphuza ukuqonda
- Imemori ekhethiwe
- Kunzima kumakhono amahle emoto namafutha
Izingane ezine-PDD zingaphinda imidlalo kodwa babonakala bengenantshisekelo futhi bakhombisa intshisekelo engaphezulu ezingxenyeni zethoyizi kuneloyizi uqobo. Badinga imikhuba emakwe kakhulu futhi ababekezeleli ushintsho kuyo. Kuyadingeka ukukhumbula ukuthi i-PDD ibanzi kakhulu nokuthi abanye abantu abatholakala ukuthi bane-PDD ethile bangakwazi ukuzimela ngokuphelele lapho befika ebudaleni nomsebenzi omuhle ngemuva kokubili ekhaya, esikoleni nasezikhungweni ezithile. Abanye, ngakolunye uhlangothi, banezinkinga ezinkulu.
Izimbangela ze-PDD
Ososayensi bayazi ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zingenye yezinto eziyingozi. Kepha ayikho impendulo ecacile ngezimbangela ze-PDD. Akunasakhi sofuzo esenza lokhu kwenzeke, yize kungenzeka ukuthi ufuzo lukhona. Kungaba ukuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene, yize kungahle kube namathuba amaningi ngaphandle kwefa le-autosomal recessive noma ifa elixhunywe ku-X elintekenteke.
Ezinye izimbangela kungaba ukutheleleka ngegciwane njenge-rubella, i-toxoplasmosis noma i-chickenpox phakathi ne-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ngoba ingathinta umbungu ngenkathi usakhula. Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha nazo zingaba imbangela efana ne-ischema, i-hyposa noma i-intracranial hemorrhage.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa
Ukuze kube nokuxilongwa, odokotela kuzofanele babheke ingane bese bebuza abazali imibuzo ngokuziphatha kwabo. Akunasivivinyo esithile esisho ukuthi ingane ine-PDD ngempela.
Okubalulekile ukuthola ngokushesha okukhulu uma ingane inalolu hlobo lokuphazamiseka noma olunye ukuze sikwazi ukubabhekela ngokushesha okukhulu futhi sibanikeze izinsiza abazidingayo ukuze bafinyelele amandla abo aphelele, kucatshangelwa amakhono abo. Ngokushesha lapho uqala ngokugqugquzela futhi usebenze ngezinsizakusebenza ezidingekayo zomuntu siqu kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo, kuzoba ngcono.
Njengamanje ikhona imishanguzo kodwa ukuze isebenze kahle kumele ihlanganiswe nomuthi othuthukisa ukuzihlanganisa namanye amakhono adingekayo ukuze ukwazi ukukhula nokufunda izinto ezizokusiza empilweni.
Impilo yengane ene-PDD izoyibona ngendlela ehluke kakhulu kunendlela ongayibona ngayo. Ukunqoba nezinselelo zabo kubalulekile, kepha kufanele ugcine ubuntu bengane yakho nezinto ezithandayo ngenkathi uyisekela ngokugcwele. Izingane ezinjenge-TGD zinama-idiosyncrasies azo futhi yize kunezici ezisiza ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani kuzo, ngayinye ihlukile futhi yehlukile, ngakho-ke kumele bazi ukuthi bazokwazi ukusebenza nabo kahle.